The answer to the question of media access control
In recent weeks I have received several e-mails on wired and wireless Ethernet cards, more specifically, about Media Access Control (MAC). I think the main reason why I received so many questions about Ethernet cards, and MAC addresses is people trying to protect their wireless networks and their desire, MAC address filtering. This type of filtering in wirelessNetworks can be configured to allow or reject the use of a computer or some gain based on the wireless network to be the MAC address.
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My first thought was to write an article on its own MAC address, and wireless Ethernet. After a little 'thought, I decided to look into this and go over some specific information about Ethernet cards and communication.
To find different ways, your MAC address, and much more
There are several ways of finding your Ethernet andCommunication protocol information. Many Ethernet card manufacturer's have proprietary software that can reveal this information, but work differently depending on the manufacturer. So we are Windows 2000 and XP utility "ipconfig" since this in most Windows operating systems.
First go to "Start" -> "Run" and type "cmd" without the quotes. Then press the Enter key. On the command line "ipconfig / all", again without the quotes. In fact, justWithout entering ipconfig / all work but only give information about the network adapters shortened. An example of what can be seen in "ipconfig / all" command is below each item commented in green text:
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There are several ways of finding your Ethernet and communications protocol information. Many Ethernet card manufacturer's have proprietary software that can reveal thisInformation, but they work differently, depending on the manufacturer. So we are Windows 2000 and XP utility "ipconfig" since this in most Windows operating systems.
First go to "Start" -> "Run" and type "cmd" without the quotes. Then press the Enter key. On the command line "ipconfig / all", again without the quotes. In fact, only the command ipconfig / all the work without, but will be only brief information about the networkCards. An example of what using the "ipconfig / all" command to see:
Output of "ipconfig / all" command
Windows IP Configuration
Host Name. . . . . . . . . . . . : Home Computer
This is the name of the computer, typically defined during the installation of Windows. However, it can be changed after installation.
Primary DNS Suffix. . . . . . . : Domain.com
If your computer takes a network, such as a Microsoft Windows domain thisArticles may contain the name of the domain.
Node Type. . . . . . . . . . . . : Unknown
The node type can say Unknown, or peer-to-peer, or in some cases "hybrid". It 'an attitude that has to do with the Windows Internet Naming Services in some types of Windows domain networks.
IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No
This setting determines whether Windows XP or 2000 as a function of IP routers. If you have two or more network adapters, you can configure the system to perform the installation act as a router, forwarding communications requests from one network to another. Windows 2000 can be configured to do so in a fairly simple, Windows XP, a registry change required.
WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No
WINS Proxy is another setting which is to "Node Type" we discussed related. Normally not a setting you want in a home or small office or newer types of Microsoft Windows domains.
Ethernet Adapter> Wireless Network Connection 2:
If you have multiple Ethernet (network) cards in the system, as I do in this laptop, you have several offers. This seems to be the second Ethernet card, a wireless Ethernet card inside.
Description. . . . . . . . . . . Broadcom 802.11b / g WLAN
This is the description of the Ethernet card, usually the name / manufacturer and type of Ethernet card. In this case, Broadcom wireless Ethernet card installedin my laptop.
Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : From 00 to 90-4B-F1-6E-4A
And here we have the MAC address. The MAC address is a 48-bit hexadecimal code and is likely to be a unique address. It is 48 bits because each number or letter in hexadecimal represents 8 bits. Hexadecimal numbers in the range from 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, A, B, C, D, E, F. There are six alpha-numeric codes so 6 * 8 = 48 (bits). The first 3 codes identify the manufacturer of the card and the remaining codes are used tocreate a unique number. Theoretically, it should never had a card with the same MAC address of your local network. However, there are some exceptions. There are software tools that you can modify this code. In fact, this is a step some hackers take to attack other systems on a local network. I say local network because MAC addresses are not routable between network segments. By spoofing this address, you can spend another computer on the network. Traffic was tied forHackers target machine can be redirected. This is the address that is used to map a MAC address or physical address to populate the table if it helps configuring wireless access points MAC address filtering.
DHCP enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes
DHCP or Dynamic Host Control Protocol, if enabled means the computer's IP address from a DHCP server on the network made available. The DHCP server can be a wireless access point, cable / DSLRouter, cable modem or a network server. Even if a DHCP server is enabled on the network, the computer's operating system will automatically generate a random IP address within a certain predefined interval. This means you could network a group of systems together without the IP settings manually.
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.117
This parameter allows your current IP address. The address above is a so-called "private"Address. There are several classes of IP addresses that the abolition of set-up for private use. What this means for your internal network or a private home or office. These addresses are not, or not be reachable on the Internet. The ways of the Internet are "valid" IP addresses. Cable / DSL router or cable modem has an IP address assigned to its interface "external" network. The external interface may be the phone line or cable.
Subnet Mask. . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
The subnet mask is a special number, or in a sense, the filter, which breaks down your IP address, in this case the private IP address, in some groups. IP addresses and subnet mask can be a complicated matter and would require an entire article to, to go further.
Default Gateway. . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.254
The default gateway IP addresses mentioned above, the IP address of the device that will route your request, for example, if you tryBrowsing a website with the Internet. It 'a bit' more complex than that, however, as a gateway or router that can forward traffic to different networks, even other private networks. At home or small office, this gateway most likely is your cable modem / DSL or a router.
DHCP server. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.49
The DHCP server, remember, we talked a little 'before, is the device that assigns your computer an IP address and other information. DHCP server canhave all kinds of information such as default gateway, domain name server (DNS), IP address, Subnet Mask, Time Server, and more.
DNS servers. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.49, 64.105.197.58
The DNS servers are internal or external domain name server (fully qualified), as http://www.defendingthenet.com, resolve IP addresses. This is because computers do not actually transmit your requests using the domain name, using the IP address assignedFQDN. For most home or office is the primary DNS server IP address from cable / DSL router. Your cable / DSL router to query an external DNS server on the Internet to the real resolution of the FQDN to run the IP address. The address 192.168.0.49 is an internal private device on my network, whereas the 64.105.197.58 is an external public Internet DNS server and is currently just in case my router has problems of implementation of tasks DNS resolution.
LeasingReceived. . . . . . . . . . : Sunday, March 19, 2006 18:38:16
This information tells you if your computer get the IP address and other information from a DHCP server. You will notice that says "get the lease", that is, because most of the DHCP servers only lease the IP address you from a pool of address space available. For example, the pool is 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.50. So the DHCP server has more than 50 IP addresses, choose when assigning your computer its IPAddress.
Lease Expires. . . . . . . . . . WEDNESDAY, March 29, 2006 21:38:16
If the IP address assigned by the DHCP server expires, lease, try to rent the same or a different IP address. This function can be modified in the rule to the DHCP server. For example, on some fully functional DHCP servers, you can never be the lease expires, or within one day of rest and so on.
Why are the MAC address is so important and how they work
To return to theMAC address for just a little '. You might think that the IP addresses the most important thing when it comes to network communication. The reality is that MAC addresses are very important, because without them computers would not be able to communicate over Ethernet networks. If a computer wants to talk to another computer on a local network, you will make a broadcast request or a question of who a particular IP address. For example, you can tell the computer: "Who is 192.168.0.254". With 'above information is my default gateway 192.168.0.254 and answer "I am" 00-90-4B-F1-6E-4A "192.168.0.254". It sends its MAC address. The MAC address is then placed in a so-called Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table on your computer. You can view this information by going to the command prompt like you did above and typing "arp-a" to be seen. You will receive information, such as the following:
Internet Address Physical Address Type
192.168.0.49 00-12-17-5c-a2-27dynamic
192.168.0.109 00-12-17-5c-a2-27 dynamic
192.168.0.112 00-0c-76-b2 dynamic 93-94
192.168.0.254 00-0E-2E-2E 15-61 dynamic
How can a hacker attack on a MAC address
You'll notice the IP addresses and MAC addresses of their rights. Without this information, without the MAC address, it would not be reading this article right now. MAC addresses are not routable, such as IP addresses. They are working on a local network or private. However appliances ofthe same activities on the Internet. routers and switches keep a list of their MAC address of devices like computers and devices in your home or office network. I already said that MAC addresses can be modified to redirect requests. For example, when I was on the corporate network and you have an internal Web server that took personal information as input, say, the computer will go on my laptop to the website by sending my MAC address to the limitReal-time Web server's IP address. I want to do this if your computer is the question "Who is the" Real Web Server "." Could I install web server looks like a fake, just like in real life, and collect information that would normally collect real web server. You can see how dangerous it can be.
Completion
There are other simple ways you can find your MAC address, but can be a bit 'confusing if you have more than one internal network card. Most external USB or PCMCIA CableWireless and Ethernet cards have their MAC address printed on it. In cases where the wired or wireless network card in your computer, such as in laptops, the MAC address, sometimes printed on the bottom of the laptop. Even Desktop systems cards that are PCI slots, the MAC address of Ethernet card is printed.
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